Baroque, Neoclassicism and Romanticism in art and music

These three movements have great differences between them. First of all, Baroque movement was an initiative created by Counter Reformation to recover the adepts lost by due to the Reformation. he popularity and success of the Baroque style was encouraged by the Roman Catholic Church, which had decided at the time of the Council of Trent, in response to the Protestant Reformation, that the arts should communicate religious themes in direct and emotional involvement.^[2] The aristocracy also saw the dramatic style of Baroque architecture and art as a means of impressing visitors and expressing triumphant power and control. Baroque palaces are built around an entrance of courts, grand staircases and reception rooms of sequentially increasing opulence.

Neoclassic, had a different purpose. Neo - means 'new' and classicism refers to the principals and attitudes shown in architecture and art that are characterized by the form and proportion as well as the cleaner lines used. Neo-Classicism was an art movement that placed many rules and restrictions on the 'styles' of artists. Artists who painted in this 'style' were bound by strict rules to show technical mastery and paint to a classical model to 'fit' a particular newer look. Much of Neo-classical paintings were greatly influenced by a return to the Greek and Roman themes and ideals of antiquity. It was a rejection and as well a revulsion against the Rococo period and everything that was associated with it. The art world seemed to take on a more serious tone. The tastes of the aristocratic's seemed to hold on to a sophisticated way of life, but the newer Neo-classicism philosophies appealed to the growing middle classes. During the Neoclassicism period, artists were also seen as new educators, it was believed that they had a moral obligation to be on an educative mission.

Finally, Romanticism was a movement that was originated in second half of the 18^th century. In part, it was a revolt against aristocratic social and political norms of the Age of Enlightenment and a reaction against the scientific rationalization of nature. Romanticism elevated the achievements of what it perceived as heroic individualists and artists, whose pioneering examples would elevate society. It also legitimized the individual imagination as a critical authority, which permitted freedom from classical notions of form in art. The strong feelings that wartime produces served as a catalyst for an outpouring of art and literature, the likes of which had never been seen before.

In this century, we can say that visual arts, literature and music had a strong connection in the way they were represented, this is, for example, if Romantic movement was focused in encouraging heroism, music would do that to.

So, please listen at the following symphonies, and classified them to which period they belonged to. Also add the characteristics that you noticed in the symphony that made you relate them to the the art period.

Fill in the following chart (you will have to search for this in youtube, ´cause I could not send it by mail)

Symphony	Period it belongs to	Characteristics that made you decide that
Symphony No. 9 Ludwig Van Beethoven
Symphony No. 8 Franz Joseph Haydn
Suite No. 2 in B Minor for flute and orchestra Johan Sebastian Bach